Jurnal Natur Indonesia published since 1998, is a science journal that presents articles on research results, thoughts and views from researchers and experts in the field of biosciences (basic science), including biology, physics, chemistry and mathematics. Jurnal Natur Indonesia involves reviewers who review each article according to their field of knowledge. The names and institutional origins of the Reviewers are listed on the normal two pages of each volume of publication. The journal is published twice a year, in April and October.
Lembaga Penelitian dan Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat Universitas Riau
The Relationship between Seagrass Density and Macrozoobenthos Abundance in the Waters of Jago-Jago Village, Central Tapanuli Regency, North Sumatra
This survey was conducted in February - March 2023 in the waters of Jago-Jago Village, Central Tapanuli Regency. This study aimed to determine seagrass density and macrozoobenthos abundance, and to examine the relationship between seagrass density and macrozoobenthos abundance. This research was carried out according to a research method in which the sampling station was determined in a targeted area. Sampling was conducted at 3 research stations using 3 transects perpendicular to the shoreline at each station. Each transect line consists of 3 quadrat plots measuring 1 x 1 m2. The seagrass species found was Enhalus acoroides. The research results showed the highest density at station I (29.44 stands/m2), station II (25.33 stands/m2), and the lowest density was in station III (19.22 stands/m2). These data show that seagrass conditions at stations I and II are sparse, while station III has very sparse conditions. The result shows that the highest density is in station I, at 25.78 ind/m2, and the lowest is in station III, at 6.78 ind/m2. The results of the regression test show that the relationship between seagrass density and macrozoobenthos abundance is significant (p = 0.012) and positive (r = 0.787).
Copyright (c) 2026 Ratna Prasetiowati, Joko Samiaji, Efriyeldi Efriyeldi (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Condition of the Seagrass Ecosystem in the Waters of Jago-Jago Village, Central Tapanuli Regency, North Sumatra
This research was conducted in February-March 2023 in the coastal waters of Jago-Jago Village, Central Tapanuli Regency, North Sumatra Province. The purpose of this research was to determine the state of the seagrass ecosystem, including the type, density, coverage, and frequency of seagrass. This research used a purposive sampling method in determine sampling stations. At each station, 3 transect lines were applied, each 30 m long, and the distance between transects was 50 m. The results showed that the seagrass species at the study site was Enhalus acoroides. The highest average seagrass density is found at Station III, i.e., 47.44 ind/m2, included in a scale of 2, indicating it is classified as seagrass with rare conditions. Station I, with a density of 23.78 ind/m2, and Station II, with a density of 28.67 ind/m2, are included on the scale as seagrass with very rare conditions. The highest average coverage is at Station III (61.11%), and the lowest is at Station I (30.56%). Station III is in good condition, Station I and Station II are in damaged condition. The frequency of seagrass type 1, represented only by E. acoroides, is found at all research stations.
Copyright (c) 2026 Erika Endra Yanti, Joko Samiaji, Zulkifli Zulkifli (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
The Influence of Particle Size Sediment on Macrozoobenthos Abundance in Dumai Waters, Rupat Strait
The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of sediment texture on macrozoobenthos abundance in Dumai Waters, Rupat Strait. This study, conducted from February to March 2023, used a survey method. Stations were selected purposively. The method used 4 stations to collect samples, which were then analyzed in the laboratory. Analysis carried out in the laboratory comprises sediment fractionation and particle size analysis, and the identification of species of macrozoobenthos. The results of this study show that sediment texture accounts for 77.9% of the variation in macrozoobenthos abundance, while other environmental factors, including physical and chemical factors, account for the remaining 22.1%. The macrozoobenthos species found were Barbatia sp., Marcia hiantina, Nerita articulata, Hiatula sp., and Clypeomorus sp.
Copyright (c) 2026 Endah Wulandari, Rifardi Rifardi, Syafruddin Nasution (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Red Cup Fungi (Sarcoscypha coccinea spp.) in Goygol National Park (Azerbaijan): Distribution, Morphology and Ecological Roles
The genus (Sarcoscypha coccinea spp.), commonly known as Red Cup Fungi, is represented by ecologically significant saprotrophic species that contribute to wood decomposition and nutrient cycling in forest ecosystems. This study documents, for the first time, the presence of Sarcoscypha coccinea spp. in Goygol National Park, located in the Little Caucasus region of Azerbaijan, and provides a synthesis of its distribution, morphology, and ecological functions in a mountain forest environment. The primary objective of the research is to characterize the species occurrence within the park, evaluate its habitat preferences, and highlight its potential role as an indicator organism for forest ecosystem integrity. Field surveys were conducted in March 2024 within the humid montane forest belt between Aggol and Goygol. The specimens were found at 40.4051° N, 46.3315° E and 1,540–1,620 m above sea level on decaying hardwood substrates, particularly on fallen trunks and stumps of Fagus orientalis and Carpinus betulus. The study area is characterized by a cold, humid mountain climate with 600–900 mm of annual precipitation and brown forest soils rich in organic matter. The species occurred in mesic, shaded microhabitats with stable moisture levels, typically along streamside forest corridors. Morphological examination confirmed the species as S. coccinea spp., distinguished by its bright scarlet apothecia, cup-shaped hymenial surface, and ellipsoid ascospores with two Conspicuous guttules. Ecologically, it accelerates lignocellulosic degradation, enhances soil organic matter formation, and supports microhabitat diversity in montane forest ecosystems. Its occurrence in Goygol National Park reflects both the conservation value of the region and the relatively undisturbed saproxylic habitats that persist within it. This study underscores the need for future molecular phylogenetic analysis and systematic documentation of fungal diversity in Azerbaijan's protected areas
Copyright (c) 2026 Ecologist Dr Ulviyya Mammadova, Fuad Guliyev (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Genotype Identification of Carcharhinus sorrah and Carcharhinus leucas in Riau Islands Province
Sharks are predatory animals that live around coral reefs. This fish has slow growth and breeding limitations. Currently, its existence is increasingly threatened by the large number of captures, both as catch targets and bycatch, resulting in a decrease in the shark population in the waters. This study was conducted from November 2024 to January 2025 in Tanjung Pinang, Riau Islands Province. The purpose of this study was to genotype-identify Carcharhinus sorrah and Carcharhinus leucas, as well as to assess their conservation status. This study used a survey method. The analysis begins with several stages, namely extraction, amplification, electrophoresis, and sequencing. After identifying the species and its name, the next step is to determine its conservation status and international trade status. To find out the conservation status through the IUCN Red List and the international trade status through CITES Appendices. On the IUCN Red List, Carcharhinus sorrah is categorized as near threatened (NT), and Carcharhinus leucas is categorized as vulnerable (VU). Both species are listed in Appendix II of CITES
Copyright (c) 2026 Petra Sagita, Sania Effendi, Efriyeldi Efriyeldi (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Structure of Intestinal and Kidney Tissue of Carp (Cyprinus carpio) Maintained in Salinity Media and Feed Enriched with Guava Leaf Flour (Psidium guava)
Carp (Cyprinus carpio) is one of the freshwater fishery commodities with high economic value. Keeping carp in saline media can affect the osmoregulation system, impacting the performance of vital organs such as the intestines and kidneys. Such disturbances can potentially reduce fish's health and survival rate. One strategy that can be used to increase the fish's immune system is through feed supplementation with natural immunostimulants, one of which is guava leaf flour (Psidium guajava), which is known to contain bioactive compounds such as flavonoids, tannins, and saponins. This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of guava leaf flour-enriched feed on the histological structure of the intestines and kidneys of carp raised in saline media and exposed to Aeromonas hydrophila bacterial infection. The study was conducted from August to October 2024 at the Biotechnology Laboratory, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine, Universitas Riau. The method used was an experiment with a completely randomized design (CRD) consisting of five guava leaf flour dosage treatments with three replicates. The results showed that the histological structure of the intestine in all treatments was relatively normal, with neatly arranged villi and round to oval goblet cells. However, in the guava leaf powder supplementation treatment, several abnormalities were found in the kidney tissue, including inflammation, hemorrhage, and necrosis. This indicates that the salinity factor has a greater effect on kidney damage than the effect of immunostimulant administration. Nevertheless, the administration of guava leaf powder still positively improved the immune response and survival rate of fish. The optimal dose was obtained in treatment P2 (15 g/kg feed) with a survival rate of 83.33–93.33%. The water quality parameters during the study were still within the acceptable range for aquaculture, namely temperature 28–31°C, DO 3.7–7.4 mg/L, and pH 5.5–7. Thus, it can be concluded that feeding fish with guava leaf flour-enriched feed is effective in maintaining intestinal histology and increasing the survival rate of carp in saline media, although it cannot completely prevent kidney damage caused by environmental factors
Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
The Effect of Eucheuma cottonii Seaweed Flour Addition on the Preference Level of Dogol Shrimp Nuggets
This study aims to determine the effect of adding Eucheuma cottonii seaweed flour on the preference level of dogol shrimp (Metapenaeus monoceros) nuggets. Dogol shrimp nuggets have high protein content but are low in fiber, so adding seaweed flour as a dietary fiber source is expected to improve the nutritional value and product quality. The research used an experimental method with four treatments of seaweed flour addition to dogol shrimp nuggets: 0% (control), 1.5%, 2.5%, and 3.5%. Hedonic testing was conducted with 25 semi-trained panelists as replicates to evaluate sensory attributes (color, aroma, taste, and texture). Based on panelist preference level and Bayes test results, the priority product was subsequently analyzed through proximate analysis (moisture, protein, fat, and ash), crude fiber content, and texture testing (Texture Profile Analysis). The research showed that adding seaweed flour significantly affected the increase in fiber content. The treatment with 1.5% seaweed flour addition was the best treatment with moisture content values of 61.11%; protein 8.47%; ash 1.84%; fat 1.78%; crude fiber 2.15%; and texture analysis values of hardness 4,315.7523 gForce; fracturability not detected; springiness 0.8487%; cohesiveness 0.5813%; gumminess 2,500.1247 gForce; chewiness 2,110.6553 gForce; and resilience 0.2553%. The addition of Eucheuma cottonii seaweed flour to dogol shrimp nuggets can serve as an innovation in developing healthier fishery product processing that consumers prefer
Copyright (c) 2025 Inas Maya Tamimah Hanun, Iis Rostini, Kiki Haetami, Rusky Intan Pratama (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Species Inventory of Epilithic Macroalgae in Padang Unoi Coastal Waters, Simeulue Island
Epiphytic macroalgae are phototrophic organisms that attach to rigid substrates in the intertidal zone and serve as key components of coastal ecosystem structure due to their roles in providing habitat, stabilizing substrates, and supporting nutrient cycling. This study aimed to inventory the types of epiphytic macroalgae present in the rocky intertidal zone of Padang Unoi Village, Salang District, Simeulue Regency. Observations were conducted in July 2025 along a 150-m transect, dividing the area into two tidal zones: the lower littoral and the mid-littoral. The inventory revealed seven species of epiphytic macroalgae, namely Turbinaria sp, Sargassum sp, Padina sp, Chaetomorpha aerea, Caulerpa taxifolia, C. racemosa, and Amphiroa subcylindrica. Species from the Phaeophyta division dominated the mid-littoral zone, while Chlorophyta were more abundant in the lower littoral zone, and Rhodophyta were observed on coarse-textured rocky substrates. These three major divisions indicate habitat heterogeneity that supports the growth of various types of epiphytic macroalgae. The results of this study highlight the importance of the rocky intertidal zone of Simeulue as a productive habitat and provide a basis for sustainable coastal resource management
Copyright (c) 2025 Sri Wahyuni, Asri Mursawal, Lulu Usiani, Ronal Kurniawan (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
The Effect of Liquid Organic Fertilizer Made from Catfish Waste on the Biomass of Lemna sp in the Maintenance Media of Kissing Gourami (Helostoma temminckii) on Peat Water
Peat water is acidic and nutrient-poor, thus less supportive for aquatic organisms. Lemna sp. has potential as both a phytoremediator and natural feed, but its growth depends on nutrient availability. Catfish waste can be fermented into liquid organic fertilizer (POC), rich in nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium. This study aimed to examine the effect and optimal dosage of catfish-waste POC on the biomass of Lemna sp in peat water used for rearing kissing gourami (Helostoma temminckii). The research was conducted for 30 days, from March to April 2025, at the Environmental Quality Laboratory of Aquaculture, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine, Universitas Riau. The experimental method used a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with five treatments and three replications. The treatments were: P0 (control, without POC), P1 (1.75 mL/L), P2 (2.0 mL/L), P3 (2.25 mL/L), and P4 (2.5 mL/L). The best result was obtained in treatment P3 (2.25 mL/L), with water quality values of temperature 26–30.4℃, pH 3.8–7.2, dissolved oxygen 4.54–7.37 mg/L, nitrate 0.39–15.86 mg/L, phosphate 3.06–6.05 mg/L, and CO₂ 5.0–10.0 mg/L. This treatment also produced a biomass increase of Lemna sp. of 107.6 g and a specific growth rate of 5.05%.
Copyright (c) 2025 Mhd Ilham Nurhadi, Syafriadiman Syafriadiman, Saberina Hasibuan (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Impact of Climate on Soil Wind Erosion in Karabakh Plain
Soil wind erosion in the Karabakh Plain has become a critical environmental concern due to shifting climatic patterns and anthropogenic pressures. This study explores the influence of key climate variables, including wind intensity, rainfall, and temperature fluctuations, on soil erosion dynamics. The research identifies the most erosion-prone periods and regions by evaluating historical climate data and local soil properties. The analysis emphasizes the importance of vegetation cover, optimized land use, and adaptive practices in mitigating soil degradation. However, implementing these measures faces several obstacles, such as limited financial and technical resources, insufficient public awareness, and the intricate interaction between climate and soil systems. The study advocates for a multifaceted risk management approach integrating innovative agricultural techniques, active community participation, and supportive policy frameworks to enhance soil health and reduce erosion. The insights offered a foundation for developing targeted strategies to combat wind erosion and foster long-term environmental sustainability. Furthermore, the proposed measures are adaptable to similar challenges in other semi-arid areas, enabling a broader application of these solutions to enhance resilience against soil erosion.
Copyright (c) 2025 Ulviyya Mammadova (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Strategy for Developing Ecotourism in the Imbo Putui Customary Forest Petapahan, Tapung District, Kampar Regency, Riau
Forests are important in human life because they have ecological, social, and economic functions. One way to utilise forest environmental services to preserve the environment and increase income is to manage them as ecotourism sites. One area with ecotourism potential that needs to be developed in Kampar Regency is the 251-hectare Imbo Putui Customary Forest. Despite its diverse potential, the development of Imbo Putui Customary Forest Ecotourism faces several challenges, such as human resources for management and tourism infrastructure facilities. The location of this study is the Imbo Putui Petapahan Customary Forest Ecotourism site. This study aims to analyse the existing ecological, social, and economic conditions of the Imbo Putui Customary Forest Ecotourism potential and formulate a development strategy for the Imbo Putui Petapahan Customary Forest Ecotourism. This study uses a mixed methods approach with a qualitative dominance. Primary data was collected directly from the field through interviews, questionnaires, and observations. The existing conditions were measured using purposive sampling and qualitative descriptive analysis. Meanwhile, the ecotourism development strategy was formulated using SWOT analysis. The analysis results show that the strategic position for implementing Imbo Putui Customary Forest Ecotourism is quadrant I, namely the S-O (Strengths-Opportunities) strategy. The strategies that can be applied are to develop integrated tourism packages based on attractions, activities, and digital promotion; utilise local wisdom and area zoning as ecotourism educational material; optimise forest legality to expand stakeholder cooperation and program support; and make tree diversity and flora and fauna protection the basis for educational tourism and research.
Copyright (c) 2025 Imelda Riani, Eni Sumiarsih, Muhammad Syafii (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Modeling of Water Surface Elevation Using MIKE 21 Based on Rupat Strait Bathymetric Data
The Rupat Strait, a strategically crucial marine channel separating Sumatra Island from Rupat Island, exhibits complex hydrodynamic characteristics influenced by tidal propagation from the adjacent Malacca Strait. As a vital shipping corridor, the strait's navigational safety is fundamentally governed by its bathymetric profile and tidal regime. This study implements an integrated methodological framework combining in situ bathymetric surveys with MIKE 21 hydrodynamic modeling to assess morphological dynamics quantitatively. Systematic validation of model outputs against field measurements revealed significant spatial variations in seafloor topography, including pronounced shallowing (>6.6 m) and substantial deepening (≤17 m) at distinct locations. Concurrent analysis of tidal data demonstrated extreme water level fluctuations, ranging from -2.36 m during the lowest astronomical tides to +6.28 m during peak tidal surges. These geomorphological alterations appear correlated with anthropogenic pressures, particularly intensive shipping traffic and coastal zone modifications, suggesting a coupled natural-anthropogenic forcing mechanism governing the strait's evolving morphodynamics. The findings highlight the critical need for ongoing monitoring to ensure maritime safety and sustainable coastal management in this rapidly changing marine environment
Copyright (c) 2025 Alianisa Ahmad, Mubarak Mubarak, Afrizal Tanjung, Rifardi Rifardi, Ilham Ilahi (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Analysis of Business Costs of Western Honey Bee (Apis mellifera) in Teluk Rimba Village, Koto Gasib District, Siak Regency
In Teluk Rimba Village, Koto Gasib Subdistrict, Siak Regency, there are honey bee (Apis mellifera) businesses. These consist of five owners: Depra Group and Abdullah Madu Riau, established in 2020, and Young Daffa Madu, Madu Munthe Family, and Tunas Mekar, established in 2024. The beehives are located in the Industrial Plantation Forest (HTI) area of PT. Arara Abadi, Minas-Rasau Kuning District. This study focuses on cost analysis and business feasibility. No previous research has provided information on the current condition, business overview, cultivation practices, or feasibility of the honey bee ventures. This research analyzes the production costs, revenues, income, and feasibility of the Apis mellifera honey bee business in Teluk Rimba Village, Koto Gasib Subdistrict, Siak Regency. This research uses a mixed-method approach combining both qualitative and quantitative methods. The data analysis includes descriptive analysis, cost analysis, revenue, income, and Revenue Cost Ratio (R/C ratio) analysis. The results show that the total production cost of the Apis mellifera honey bee business from January to December 2024 was IDR 492,393,331. The total revenue for the same period was IDR 1,055,775,000. The net income generated was IDR 563,381,669. The R/C ratio analysis for the five honey bee businesses, Young Daffa Madu, Madu Munthe Family, Tunas Mekar, Depra Group, and Abdullah Madu Riau, shows that the total revenue divided by total production cost yielded a value of 2.14. This indicates that the honey bee business is profitable and feasible for development, as the R/C ratio value exceeds 1
Copyright (c) 2025 Nur Suhada, Evi Sribudiani, Olla Isma, Gandhiko Mohta, Viny Volcherina Darlis, Ika Lestari (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Analysis of Watermelon (Citrullus vulgaris Schard.) Farming Business in Amara Jaya Farmer Group in Binawidya District, Pekanbaru City
This study analyses watermelon farming in the Amara Jaya Farmer Group in Binawidya District, Pekanbaru City, focusing on farmer characteristics, conformity of cultivation techniques with Good Agricultural Practices (GAP), as well as analysis of costs, revenues, and farming efficiency. Watermelon is a horticultural commodity that has the potential to increase income, but management efficiency is very important. This analytical descriptive research used a case study approach with in-depth interviews with five farmers and secondary data. Results showed an average total production cost of IDR 244,646,434 per hectare per growing season, with an average total revenue of IDR 119,833,333.40 per hectare. The average net income was IDR 125,296,100.00 per growing season. The R/C ratio of 0.184 indicates that the watermelon farm has not broken even and is still losing money, despite the gross profit margin per kilogram
Copyright (c) 2025 Shorea Khaswarina, Yeni Kusumawaty, Andre Saputra Hasiholan Sihombing (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
The Effect of Developmental Stages on the Photosynthetic Parameters of the Melon
This study explores the fluctuations in key photosynthetic parameters in two high-potential melon (Cucumis melo L.) cultivars—Gunash and Sadaf—grown in open-field conditions in the Absheron region. The research analyzes a range of physiological and biochemical traits, such as leaf area, photosynthetic potential (PP), net photosynthetic productivity (NPP), specific leaf surface density (SLSD), concentrations of plastid pigments, the coefficient of economic photosynthetic efficiency (CEEP), overall economic efficiency (CEE), and the accumulation of both fresh and dry biomass. Results show a steady rise in SLSD and biomass (both crude and dry) from the vegetative phase to fruit development and full ripening. The early-ripening Gunash cultivar displayed the highest gains during early fruit formation, while the mid-ripening Sadaf cultivar reached peak values during full ripening. Significant differences in NPP, SLSD, and CEE were found throughout the plant's life cycle, with peak values observed at the mass ripening stage in both varieties. Additionally, levels of chlorophyll and carotenoids in the leaves showed a three-phase peak pattern, with each phase varying by cultivar
Copyright (c) 2025 Agayev Faxraddin Nifi, Allahverdiyev Elmar İlham, Mammadova Khurshid Hajı, Yolchueva Emina Agil (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Induction of Organogenesis and Regeneration Species Tagetes erecta In Vitro
Marigold (Tagetes erecta) from the Asteraceae family is well-known for its various uses as cut flowers, potted plants, ornamental plants, medicines, dyes, and biopesticides. Micropropagation and optimization of in vitro regeneration of T.erecta species provide opportunities for plant propagation and utilization of biotechnology in plant breeding. This study evaluated the regeneration efficiency of in vitro plantlet leaf explants with different combinations of IAA and BAP concentrations in organogenesis induction media. IAA concentration affects the growth of adventitious shoots on explants. Decreasing IAA concentration affects the percentage of shoot growth, roots, and average number of roots in organogenesis induction media. Meanwhile, adding cytokinins to the induction media will modulate auxin movement during organogenesis and plant cell regeneration. Leaf explants on Murashige and Skoog (MS) media supplemented with 2.8 µM IAA + 31.0 µM BAP showed shoot growth reaching 58%, with root growth reaching 32%. Meanwhile, using lower BAP 2.8 µM IAA + 13.3 µM BAP resulted in 63% of explants forming shoots with a lower percentage of root growth. Increasing the concentration of IAA (5.7 µM + 13.3 µM BAP) showed a root formation response reaching 61% with a smaller number of shoots (48%). The explant response began with the explant part differentiating to form a callus with a growing point that would form yellowish-green shoots (RHS / Fan3-N144-C) at 28 days of induction
Copyright (c) 2025 Elisa Apriliani, Dewi Sukma, Sudarsono Sudarsono, Muhammad Syukur (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Identification of Vibrio sp. Bacteria in Intensive and Traditional Ponds of Vannamei Shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) in Teluk Pambang Village, Bengkalis Regency
The identification of Vibrio sp. bacteria in the water of intensive and traditional ponds for vannamei shrimp in Teluk Pambang Village was conducted from March to June 2023. The aim of this research was to calculate the quantity of Vibrio sp. bacteria, understand the morphological characteristics, and identify the various types of Vibrio sp. bacteria in the water of intensive and traditional ponds for vannamei shrimp. The sampling involved collecting water from 2 bottles each from intensive and traditional ponds. Subsequently, Vibrio isolation from the water was cultured on selective TCBS media through three dilution steps. The bacterial count was then determined. Further, bacterial cultures from different colonies were streaked on TSA media, followed by identification through a series of morphological observations and biochemical tests. The research results indicate that the presence of Vibrio bacteria in intensive ponds complies with the maximum threshold and quality standards for a favorable environment for both the pond and shrimp. However, for traditional ponds, there is an abundance of Vibrio bacteria exceeding the threshold, where the maximum limit or good quality standard for Vibrio in the environment and shrimp is 103 CFU/ml. The morphological characteristics found include a round shape, green and yellow color, and a flat edge with emerging elevations. Furthermore, infections of Vibrio hollisae, Vibrio anguillarum, and Vibrio damsela were identified in the water of intensive and traditional ponds for vannamei shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) in Teluk Pambang Village, Bengkalis Regency.
Copyright (c) 2025 Lenny Gustina, Feliatra Feliatra, Nursyirwani Nursyirwani, Meilya Widantari (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Utilization of Sesai as an Environmentally Friendly Planting Media: Case Study of Buruk Bakul Village, Bukit Batu Subdistrict, Bengkalis Regency, Riau
Indonesia has abundant natural resources, including the Bengkalis coastal area. Bengkalis waters are the largest in Riau Province, with a water area of 677,472.44 km2. One of the coastal areas is Buruk Bakul Village in Bukit Batu District, Bengkalis Regency, which has an area of about 68.05 km2. However, when viewed from the condition of the waters, marine debris poses a threat. Organic waste or sesai inhibits the growth of mangrove saplings and even causes death in mangrove saplings. The location of the research object is the coast of Buruk Bakul Village. The research objectives are to determine the potential of sesai to be used as an organic planting medium and to know the community's social perceptions and economic perceptions towards sesai as a planting medium. The research method used in this research is the survey method. Primary data included the results of NPK analysis on sesai, questionnaires, interviews, and observations in the field. Purposive sampling was carried out using the Geographic Information System (ArcGIS) along the coast of Buruk Bakul Village to measure sesai potential. The analysis results show the abundant potential of sesai, which can increase utilization into environmentally friendly planting media with the availability of a total volume of sesai of 39,029.5 m³ with an average volume per location of 2,295.8 m³. NPK content analysis (0.41%, 19.44 mg/100g, and 21.84 mg/100g) can be used as planting media. Social perception showed community initiative through survey results, which showed that 64% of respondents responded well. Economic perception by utilizing sesai as a planting medium can provide a profit of IDR.3,000 per unit, opening up opportunities for increased income for the people of Buruk Bakul Village
Copyright (c) 2025 Refo Fadliyati, Eni Sumiarsih, Budijono Budijono (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Inhibition Test of Hot Water Extract of Rhizophora apiculata Leaves Against Edwardsiella tarda Bacteria in-Vitro
One of the plants that have the potential as antibacterial ingredients is Rhizophora apiculata leaf because it contains secondary metabolites, such as tannins, saponins, flavonoids, steroids, and terpenoids. This study aims to find out the inhibition of hot water extract of R. apiculata leaves in inhibiting the growth of Edwardsiella tarda. The research method used is an experimental method which includes sample preparation, extraction, antibacterial activity test using the Kirby-Bauer disc method and applying a Completely Randomized Design (CRD). The doses used were 100% (10000 ppm), 90% (9000 ppm), 80% (8000 ppm), 70% (7000 ppm), 60% (6000 ppm), 50% (5000 ppm), 40% (4000 ppm), 30% (3000 ppm), 20% (2000 ppm), 10% (1000 ppm) and control (Oxytetracycline). The results showed that the hot water extract of R. apiculata leaves at a dose of 1000-10000 ppm gave various inhibitory diameters ranging from 6.25-10.08 mm and the clear zone formed was classified as medium
Copyright (c) 2022 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Types of Invasive Plants and Threats to Animal Conservation in National Park
Invasive plants are plants that can interfere with other plant life because invasive plants use competition and harm the host they live on. Animal conservation is currently the focus of research so that biodiversity is always maintained in the National Park such as mantangan (Merremia peltata (L.) Merr.) Chromolaena odorata (L), Stachtarpheta jamaicensis. Based on the way of life and rapid reproduction of this invasive plant, it disturbs the habitus of other plants in developing so that it can damage the food chain in the National Park. Conservation of animals in National Park must be in line with the conservation of the surrounding ecology so that the natural ecosystems in the National Parks and biodiversity are fully preserved.
The Effect of Tofu Dregs Compost and NPK Fertilizer the Growth and Production of Purple Eggplan (Solanum melongena L.)
The research was aimed to see the effect interaction of giving tofu dregs compost and npk fertilizer to get the right dose towards growth and the highest production of purple eggplant. The research was conducted at Experimental Garden, Faculty of Agriculture, Riau University, Pekanbaru. The research was conducted for 5 months, from february to june 2020. The reasearch was conducted experimentally in 2 factors. The first factor was the of tofu waste compost consists of 3 levels (0, 10 and 20 ton.ha-1). The second factor was the of NPK fertilizer (0, 100 and 150 kg.ha-1) which consist of nine treatments combination. The observed parameterswere the height of the plant (cm), the days of flowering (days), the days of harvesting (days), the fruit length (cm), the fruit diameter (cm), the number of fruits per plant (fruit), the fruit weight per fruit (g), the fruit weight per plant (g) and the fruit weight with plot (g). The data in this research was analyzed in using variance and followed by Duncan's multiple distance test at 5% level. The results showed that tofu waste compost and NPK fertilizer increased the growth of eggplant such as the height of the plant, the days of flowering, the days of harvesting, the number of fruits per plant, the fruit length, the fruit weight per fruit, the fruit weight per plant and the fruit weight with plot and does not increase fruit diameter. The giving tofu waste compost at a dose 20 ton.ha-1 and NPK fertilizer 150 kg.ha-1 gave the best eggplant growth and production until the plants were 90 DAP
Bird Species Based on Tree Height Perched in the Liwa Botanical Garden, West Lampung Regency
Birds are one of the most diverse animals in the world, especially in Indonesia. Liwa Botanical Garden located in Pekon Kubu Perahu, Balik Bukit District, West Lampung Regency, is a conservation area with the theme of conservation and development of ornamental plants, representing the flora of Southern Sumatra. This research is a continuation of the collaboration between the Department of Biology and Balitbang UPTD Liwa Botanical Garden, West Lampung Regency. The presence of birds in the Liwa Botanical Garden is also a bioindicator of biodiversity for the environment in this area. By maintaining the presence of birds in the Liwa Botanical Garden means protecting their habitat and existing plants. The purpose of this study was to determine the species of birds based on the height of the perched trees in the Liwa Botanical Garden and the abundance of their species. The method used in this research is the point count with the observation time for 9 days in the morning and evening at the height of the tree in 3 different observation stations. Birds on KRL are mostly found on perches at an altitude of 2 - 7 meters, in the category of shrubs and trees, there are 19 out of 25 bird species found. The highest Relative Abundance Index (IKR) was Collocalia esculenta at 39.91% and the lowest IKR value was 7 bird species, each with 0.14% value. The conservation status of the 25 bird species based on IUCN is Least Concern (LC) and based on CITES there is one species that is included in Appendix II, namely Ictinaetus malayensis while based on the Regulation of the Minister of Environment and Forestry of the Republic of Indonesia No. P.20 / MENLHK / SETJEN / KUM.1 / 6/2018 there is one bird species that is included in the protection, namely species Ictinaetus malayensis
The Productivity Improvement and Population Growth of Payakumbuh Duck (Anas platyrhynchos domestication) Using a Simple Aspirator Tool on Artificial Insemination (AI) Technology
This study aimed to determine the effect of IB frequency using different simple aspirator on fertility, weight loss and hatchability of Payakumbuh duck (Anas platyrhynchos domestication) eggs. This study used 8 male and 20 female ducks, 90% egg production. In this study, all hatched the hatched eggs. This study used an experimental method with a completely randomized design (CRD) with 4 treatments and 5 replications. The treatments consisted of: P1 is 1 x 2 days, P2 is 1 x 4 days, P3 is 1 x 6 days, P4 is 1 x 8 days; the parameters observed were fertility, weight loss and hatchability. The results of the analysis of variance showed that different AI frequencies had a significant effect (P < 0.05) on the fertility of hatching eggs, but had no significant effect (P > 0.05) on weight loss and hatchability. It can be concluded that P2 had a significant effect (P < 0.05) on fertility because fertile eggs were higher than other treatments. The characteristics of Payakumbuh ducks (Anas platyrhynchos domestication) spermatozoa are milky white and yellowish white, thick and watery consistency, specific odor, volume 0.24±0.05 ml, pH 7.37±0.51, mass movement +, ++ and +++, live percentage 79.06±3.68%, concentration 2.342 billion cells/ml, motility 75.00±7.56% and abnormality 12.06±0.82%. The results of the analysis of variance showed that different AI frequencies had a significant effect (P < 0.05) on the fertility of hatching eggs, but had no significant effect (P > 0.05) on weight loss and hatchability. The frequency of IB 1 x 4 days had the highest fertility rate, namely 67.72 ± 7.99%. A simple Aspirator can function properly with the need for repairs and upgrades in several parts of the tool such as current source, and fan capacity.
Histopathology of the Gill of Pangasianodon hypophthalmus that were Fed with Fermented Red Ginger to Prevent Motile Aeromonas Septiceamia Disease
Red ginger is a natural ingredient that contains several antibacterial compounds such as essential oils, flavonoids, terpenoids, phenols, and zingiberene. This research was conducted from June to August 2021. The purpose of this study was to analyze the structure of the gill and liver tissue of jambal siam fish and to obtain the best dose of adding fermented red ginger to the feed before and after being challenged with Aeromonas hydrophila bacteria. The method used is an experimental method using a one-factor Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with five treatment levels and three replications, namely: Feeding without fermentation of red ginger and without being tested against A. hydrophila (Kn), Feeding without fermentation of red ginger and tested against A. hydrophila (Kp), Feeding with a dose of 150 mL/kg (P1), dose 175 mL/kg feed (P2), dose 200 mL/kg (P3). The results showed that the structure of the gill tissue of Jambal Siam fish showed damage such as hypertrophy, hyperplasia and bent lamellae. The best results were found in the P2 treatment, a dose of 175 mL/kg feed and tested against A.hydrophilla bacteria
Utilization of Tofu Liquid Waste as Organic Fertilizer on the Growth and Production of Paddy Rice Plants (Oryza sativa L)
This research has been carried out in Kedundung Island Village, Central Kuantan District, Kuantan Singingi Regency. This research takes place for approximately four months starting from November 2017 until March 2018. This study aims to determine the effect of Tofu Liquid Waste as Liquid Organic Fertilizer on Plants and Production of Paddy Rice (Oriza sativa L). The parameters observed in this study include: plant height, age of flowering, age of harvest, number of productive tillers, and dry grain weight. This study aims to determine the effect of Tofu Liquid Waste as Organic Fertilizer on the Growth and Production of Rice Field Crops. The design used in this study is a Non Factorial Randomized Block Design (RBD) consisting of one factor, namely factor A (Tofu Liquid Waste) consisting of 4 levels: A0 (control), A1 (600 mL/plot), A2 (1200 mL/plot), A3 (1800 mL/plot). The observational data from each treatment were statistically analyzed and continued with the Next Test of Honestly Significant Difference at the 5% level. The results showed that the Tofu Liquid Waste treatment had a significant influence on the parameters of observation of Plant Height, Flowering Age, Harvest Age, Number of Productive Tillers and Dry Grain Weight. The best treatments were A3 for observation of Plant Height (124.91 cm), Flowering Age (73.99 days), Harvest Age (95.74 days), Number of Productive Tillers (50.91 stems), and Dry Grain Weight (100.16 g)
Copyright (c) 2021 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Analysis of Microplastics on Sediments in the Waters of Selat Panjang of Tebing Tinggi Subdistrict, Meranti Islands Regency, Riau Province
The study was conducted from March to May 2021 which aims to identify the types, abundance of microplastics and compare the abundance of microplastics between stations in the waters of the Long Strait of High Cliff Subdistrict. Survey methods are applied and PVC pipes are used to collect sediment samples from three different stations with three sampling points at each station. The types of microplastics found are fragments with the most jumblah with film and fiber. The most widely found types are fragments, followed by film and fiber. The abundance of microplastics at Tanjung Harapan Port (5900.00 partkels /kg of dry sediment) is higher than the mouth of the Dorak coastal river (5306.67 partkels/kg of dry sediment) and Banglas Village Mangrove Ecotourism (4120.00 partikels/kg of dry sediment). The results showed that the abundance of microplastics between stations differed significantly. Microplastic differences based on further independent test samples t-test showed that each station compared to mangrove ecotourism area will be significantly different, while between Tanjung Harapan Port and the mouth of the Dorak coastal river showed no significant difference
Copyright (c) 2021 Ridwan Saiful Basri Pasaribu, Syahril Nedi, Elizal Elizal (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Genetic Change of Pharella acutidens Influenced by Pb and Cd Metals in Rupat Strait Waters
Rupat Strait related to the Strait of Malacca is a national and international shipping lane and makes the region affected by anthropogenic activities that result in a decrease in the quality of the waters such as the increasing amount of heavy metal content. The most easily contaminated organism of heavy metals is bivalves due to and its low mobility, bivalves being filter feeders, and the ability to accumulate contaminants,. The purpose of this study was to look at genetic changes in bivalves (P.acutidens) contaminated by heavy metals. The study was conducted from February to March 2021. Bivalve sample was collected from the waters of Rupat Strait and sample analysis was conducted in the Marine Biology Laboratory and Genetics Laboratory of Riau University. Bivalve DNA is isolated with Geneaid Tissue Genomic DNA Mini Kit. DNA isolation results were then carried out PCR process and sequencing process was carried out in PT. Genetika Science Indonesia. The results of study show that sequencing results obtained by samples derived from Selinsing have the most changes in the composition of nitrogen bases compared to samples from the other two stations
Copyright (c) 2021 Tri Vani Bernadetha Ginting, Syafruddin Nasution, Irwan Effendi (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Abundance and Distribution Patterns of Gastropods in the Intertidal Bay of Kambang Lengayang Sub-District, Southern Coastal District, West Sumatera
This study aims to determine the abundance and distribution pattern of gastropods in the intertidal bay, Kambang Lengayang District, Pesisir Selatan Regency, West Sumatra. The benefits of this research are expected to be a reference or information for further research in Kambang Bay which in the end is expected to minimize the adverse effects of gastropod hunting. The research method used in this study is a survey method, namely direct observation and sampling which is divided into 3 stations where the sampling station 1 is taking in the coastal waters of the bay in an area where there is no community activity, station 2 is taking in the waters of the bay in the fishing trawl area. station 3 taking in the coastal waters of Kambang in the reclamation area. Based on the analysis of organic sedimentary material in the study area, the average value was obtained at station 1 (3.55%), station 2 (4.20%) and station 3 (3.33%). Based on the analysis, the sediment fraction that dominates each station is sand. The gastropods found at the study site were Clypeomorus bifasciata, Littoraria scabra and Cerithulata cingulata. The abundance of gastropods in the coastal waters of Kambang ranged from 2.33 to 5.00 Ind/m2. The results of the ANOVA test showed that the abundance of gastropods in the bay waters showed 0.214 beaches, indicating that the difference in abundance between stations was not significant. The gastropod pattern found at the study site is generally in groups
Copyright (c) 2021 Ichwanul Harif, Afrizal Tanjung, Elizal Elizal (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Heavy Metal Content in Sediment and Hora Shell (Cerithidea obtusa) in Panipahan Waters, Rokan Hilir, Riau
This research was carried out in March 2021 to analyze the heavy metal content of Pb and Cu in the sediment and flesh of the horn shell (Cerithidea obtusa). Sediment samples and horn shells were taken from the coastal waters of Panipahan, Panipahan Village, and Teluk Pulai Village, Rokan Hilir Regency, Riau Province. The method used in this research is a survey method. Sampling was determined by using purposive sampling at three different stations. The results of this study showed that the metal content of Pb and Cu was highest in sediments around residential areas (44.7150 g/g and 104.4200 g/g), while the horn shell was found in areas far from anthropogenic activities (2.4717 g/g and 8.6617 g/g). Differences in the metal content of Pb and Cu in the sediments were found between stations, while for horn shells there was no difference between stations. The metal content of Pb in the sediment did not show a significant effect (F < 0.05) Pb content in horn shells, as well as Cu. The results of the calculation of the PTWI (Provisional Tolerable Weekly Intake) value indicated that the horn shell in the waters is acceptable for consumption.
Copyright (c) 2021 Indra Wariski, Yusni Ikhwan Siregar, Bintal Amin (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Comparative Morphometric Rhizophora ApiculataFlower and Fruit in Two Areas with Anthropogenic Activities in West Dumai Coastal, Dumai City, Riau Province
Morphometrics is a field that deals with variations and changes in the form (size and shape) of an organism or object. Anthropogenic is a human activity not only limited to the use or utilization of coastal resources, but also can be restorative and protective, thus causing complex disruption. The purpose of this study was to determine the morphometric differences of the flowers and fruits of R.apiculata mangroves in two regions with different anthropogenic activities in the mangrove ecosystem of Dumai City. This research was carried out in September 2019. From the results of the study it was found that in areas polluted by anthropogenic activity the average morphometrics of fruit (length and width) and leaves (length, width and length of the stems) Rhizophora apiculata were lower than those in the area not polluted by anthropogenic activity. At station I the oil content ranged from 0,0975 to 0,1251 ppm classified as polluted and at station II ranged from 0,072 to 0,111 ppm classified as not polluted.
Copyright (c) 2021 Muhammad Zebi Fernando, Efriyeldi Efriyeldi, Aras Mulyadi (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0